Behaviour of Strontium in Plants and the Environment by Dharmendra K. Gupta & Clemens Walther

Author:Dharmendra K. Gupta & Clemens Walther
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer International Publishing, Cham

100

10−1

10−2

10−3

≦10−4

K, P, Zn

Co, Mn, Mo, Rb, Sr, Te

Cs, Na, Nb, Np, Pb, Pr, Ra, Ru, U

Ba, Ce, Cm, Cr, Fe, I, La, Po, Th, Y, Zr

Ag, Am, Pu, Sb

Strontium is recognized as one of the minor metals used in industrial products in Japan (e.g., ferrite magnets, flares). Due to human activities, some releases of Sr to the environment are expected, and, consequently, mass of Sr ingestion by humans would increase in the future. The toxicity to human is not much found and ingestion of Sr of 1–4 mg day−1 is no risk as summarized by Kabata-Pendias and Mukherjee (2007). Due to its low toxicity to humans, the element concentration does not need to be monitored in foods; however, by simply applying TFs obtained under equilibrium conditions , the Sr mass ingested by humans can easily be estimated using soil Sr concentrations if Sr increments are found in soil samples.

Considering the radiation toxicity, 90Sr, a pure-beta emitter with a long half-life of 28.8 years, is known to be one of the highly toxic radionuclides to humans. Strontium-90 is a nuclear fission product and it is found in the environment as global fallout due to the atmospheric nuclear weapon testing’s, mainly in the 1950s and 1960s. The radionuclide also has been released in accidents such as the Chernobyl nuclear accident in 1986. As mentioned above, TFs of Sr are usually high, so that 90Sr intake from agricultural products can occur. Therefore, many TFs of radiostrontium have been reported and these data were compiled by the IAEA (2010); it should be noted that the TF data were mainly obtained in European and North American countries. Because the critical foods in Japan and other Asian countries differ from those in European and North American countries, it is necessary to provide more TF data for more practical assessment use in Japan . In our previous reports (Uchida et al. 2007a, b; Ishikawa et al. 2009), we focused on rice and vegetables because these are critical foods in Japan. We provided TFs of Sr (TFSr) using stable Sr data in the edible part of crops and associated soil samples from agricultural fields throughout Japan to obtain TFSr under equilibrium conditions. In this report, since we could add some more TFSr data to the previous values we reported, we summarize all these data and compared them with those of three other alkaline earth elements, i.e., Mg, Ca, and Ba. We also carried out data mining of global fallout 90Sr in crop and soil samples to provide values of TFs of 90Sr (TF90Sr) and compared them with TFSr values.

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